The struggle for re-construction, and a new general conference
In 1990-91 the workers' and working people's mass movement went
through a period of mobilisation. This progress not only
increased our organisations' activities but also strengthened the
grounds for the struggle against the attacks of liberal legalist
liquidationism (old middle-path defenders, revisionist,
Trotskyist and civic society defenders) which claimed that
"the working class has lost its importance", that
"the need for the revolutionary class party no longer
existed", and that a "united party of socialists was
needed". It was of particular importance to isolate and
liquidate the wave of legalism from the working class movement
and the awakening youth. Therefore, our party, while renewing its
work among the factory workers, trade unions and intellectuals,
carried out a determined struggle against the "rising"
legalist liquidationism, without excluding the struggle against
petty bourgeois "illegality".
This struggle without any doubt could not prevent our
organisation from using legal and open opportunities in the best
way possible. Moreover, making maximum use of legal platforms,
and the struggle against the influences of petty bourgeois
illegality could not damage our organistion's illegal work and
organisation. Alongside our party's line and perspective, the
development of workers' mass struggle was presenting early
warning indications with regard to both the illegal and
open-legal fronts of organisation.
Our party, did not ignore the sudden break away of the workers
from the system and the developments in the open mass movement.
On the contrary, our party Central Committee insistently
encouraged and drew attention to this development. The liberal
"socialist" and anarchistic "socialist"
currents as well as the currents of liberal reformist legalism
and petty bourgeois "illegality" were now completely
decayed and failed. Nor were they able to contribute to this
development in any way, or embrace and organise it. Our party
openly declared the necessity of the working class mass movement
"organising as an open socialist workers mass party",
and that it had become possible to achieve this and to unite the
political workers' movement. Later on, it supported all the steps
and initiatives taken in this direction. This is because, our
party's interests are not different from the interests of the
working class and the people.
Besides, the development in the workers' movement and the
position of our party in this movement was a clear indication of
the possibility of the workers organising as an open mass
socialist party. This was something our party had struggled for
since 1975 onwards, but which it could not achieve because of the
low level of development of the workers' movement and the
monopoly of revisionism within this movement. This was something
which had not been on the agenda in the post-1987 period when the
demarcation line was not yet very clear in the country, when our
organisation had not yet obtained the necessary positions, and
when the workers' movement had not yet become sufficiently
mature. This was the task for our party "to become the
organisation of the leading workers with strong ties with the
masses, to become the body of revolutionary workers
organisations, and develop into a revolutionary mass party of the
proletariat" depending on the conditions.
It was natural that the Party Central Committee should make the
necessary explanations and demands, drawing attention to the
developments in the workers' movement. With a circular in
November 1992, it also drew particular attention to the
weaknesses in both legal and illegal work and organisation, to
wrong understandings and practices, and also to the difference
between our organisation's political influences in the movement
and its organisational ones. It emphasised the consequences of
those petit bourgeois wrong understandings and practices (e.g.
considering illegality as an aim rather than an instrument,
irresponsible and liberal approaches towards work, etc.), the
weaknesses and shortcomings stemming from the above, and the
losses these cause to the movement. This circular also called on
our organisations to reposition themselves and to renew their
work among the masses in accordance with developments in the open
movement in every field, taking into account the tasks required
by these developments.
Despite their still small numbers, the conscious workers were
becoming more and more aware of the increasing possibility and
the necessity of organising as an independent mass working class
party, and orientating to take the necessary positions. Our
organisations, on the other hand, tightly took on the
responsibility of doing what was necessary, of renewing their
work and positions, and of organising at the fore front of the
struggle. Nevertheless, the effects of non-class traditions and
liberal understandings in our circles were far deeper than we had
estimated. The decline in the open workers' movement from 1992-94
clearly showed this. It was inevitable that the right and left
non-class influence in our organisations' work and action emerged
with more destructive results in a period of decline.
Our party was never daunted by these destructive results. It took
the necessary decisions (in the 1994 General Meeting of the CC)
and called upon all its organisations to change the situation and
to hold on to the party line. Although our organisations had been
through an ineffective period because of the hindrance of the
liquidationist circle, they responded to this call and orientated
towards an increasingly effective work with the aim of renewing
their links with fresh forces. When the first steps were taken in
this direction, despite our mistakes and shortcomings, there was
evidence that workers and others were more than ready for it, and
that in fact this step could have been taken earlier.
Nevertheless, our party's platform remained a realistic and sound
one.
Our party also decided to hold its Second General Conference in
the same period. Due to technical reasons the Conference was
delayed. It met after a period of shortcomings and wavering in
our party and at a time when the second wave of liberal
liquidationism had been influencing the weakest elements of the
movement in our country for several years (The first wave after
1985 was characterised by the liquidation of the TKP-Communist
Party of Turkey-; and the second by the emergence of the former
DEV-YOL -Revolutionary Path- with a "new" line, and the
organisation of the ODP-Freedom and Solidarity Party).
The Soviet Union and the Eastern Block had collapsed. Socialist
Albania had been destroyed, and the International Communist
Movement had been going through an extreme process of
liquidation. The CC took decisions not only with regard to the
struggle in our country but also to international events and
against the liquidators who were encouraged by these events. It
responded to what was required by its responsibilities for the
party. The party platform was the first formal party platform to
meet after these internal and external events. Having approved
all activities and decisions of the CC, the Party platform also
became a combative platform against the attacks of the liberal
currents of this second wave of liquidationism and the so-called
"illegal" terrorist currents against our party.
This Conference analysed the facts and events in our country
which had taken place since the First General Conference, as well
as the situation both in the world and in our country. It drew
political and organisational conclusions from them. These facts
indicated that "our party has reached a turning point where
it has to renew and develop its tactical line and all its work in
all ideological, political, organisational and practical areas,
eliminating its shortcomings".
After evaluating our organisational work, the Conference
emphasised once again that "legal and illegal organisation
and work are not mutually exclusive as claimed by the right and
left wings of the "left" which are completely on a
liquidationist platform. On the contrary, they are the unity of
different aspects of a single task devoted to the same aim,
complementing and strengthening each other". The Conference
also emphasised that "by turning one's back on the present
tasks set forth for the advancement of the workers' movement it
was not possible to help the movement"; that "this
would also impede the establishment of a sound and developing
illegal organisation".
Considering Marxism-Leninism as a guide for analysing the facts
and phenomena, drawing conclusions from them and for taking part
in practical struggle, in other words, as a guide for changing
the world; linking it firmly to life and concrete facts, using it
in a creative way, and improving it by learning from the
experience of life... all this was, for the party, part of the
process of understanding M-L and implementing it as a guide to
action. This process began in 1975 and developed throughout
February 1980, and the 1990 and 1996 Conferences, gaining further
depth in our Party's theory and practice. There is no end to
learning M-L and improving one's ability to put it into practise.
However, in this respect, we still have shortcomings and mistakes
stemming from the idealist and formalist tradition, and it is
unavoidable that these will be present in the future. However, it
is undeniable that our party and organisations have become more
experienced in mastering theory based on the proletarian class
and in using it as a guide to action. One of the most obvious
indications of this was the decisions taken in our final
Conference on the question of organisation, decisions which
reflected adherence to the workers' movement and a complete and
courageous elimination of traditional narrow-mindedness.
The Conference set forth the most urgent tasks of the party:
"giving maximum support to the open legal
(economic-political) organisations of the working class and
strengthening them; working in these organisations in an
energetic way, and as part of this, supporting the open workers'
press, one of the most influential instruments of organising and
developing the struggle of the working class, strengthening it
and using it effectively in daily struggle". Our Conference
declared that unless these urgent tasks were achieved, it would
not be possible to take any serious steps further in another
task. (Quotes from the call for the Second Conference of the
party in 1996)
The Second General Conference was the last turning point on the
way to the Second Congress. The Second Congress was going to
gather as a \lquote Congress of the revolutionary
workers'organisations consisting of vanguard workers at the
centre of the movement. In our organisational life and work we
could not be indifferent to the tendencies and understandings
which are alienated from the working class and which harm their
organisation and prevent them form developing. Therefore, this
Conference gave particular importance to political and
ideological tasks as well as the question of the form of work and
organisation which are related to these tasks. Despite our
shortcomings, we had now learnt about illegal organisation and
struggle. Now we needed to learn about direct legal struggle. In
other words, the task was to correct the "upside-down"
aspects of our illegal organisation, basing ourselves on the
corrective experiences of open legal struggle and organisation;
and renewing our understanding and practice with regard to
combining legal and illegal work and organisation. The directives
and calls of the Conference with regard to the form of work and
organisation were briefly in this context. And this was a stance
against petit bourgeois "illegality" as well as liberal
legalism.
This had to be achieved because submission to the laxness of
legalist liberalism and the narrow-mindedness of petit bourgeois
"illegality" would not take us anywhere. And this could
be achieved to the extent that our organisations changed their
positions and opened themselves to learning from the dynamics of
the workers' movement. It was not possible to take any steps
further without destroying the paralysing prejudices in our
circles caused by the "superstitions" of bourgeois
"legality" and petit bourgeois "illegality"
with regard to the forms of work and organisation.
The discussions at the Conference around work and organisational
problems were productive. Its resolutions and calls received
positive responses. The function of Devrimin Sesi (Voice
of Revolution) became clearer. Although it began to come out less
frequently, the issues after the Conference published articles
containing the result of the debates around political and
organisational problems. Other organs published articles
benefiting from the discussions at the Conference. We witnessed
the development of the reconstruction of our organisations,
positioning themselves in the forefront of the struggle and
reorganising their work among the masses learning from the
workers. This development in work was the most significant
characteristics of the post-Conference period.